India enacted three new laws in December 2023—Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam—replacing colonial-era criminal codes. These laws include provisions to consolidate offenses against women and children, expand the definition of gang rape, ensure survivor-centric procedures for recording statements, penalize intercourse under false promises, and increase institutional accountability and punishments for crimes against women and girls.